The principle of human-centeredness in sustainable transport means the development and creation of infrastructure based on respect for civil and human rights and public parkings, as one of the most important transportation infrastructures in this field, have a high share. The implementation of the plan to build a public parking lot in region 5 of District 14 is a response to the needs of citizens regarding traffic problems and increasing the indicators of sustainable urban transportation. The present study seeks to identify and predict the impacts and types of possible consequences of the implementation of appropriate mitigation plans and measures in the framework of social and cultural impact assessment studies. The methodological approach of this research can be called a combination through the use of different techniques and tools. Research data has been collected through surveys (residents and clients), in-depth and semi-structured interviews and observations. In the other part of the research, through GIS, three priority locations were selected and by reviewing the existing indicators in the field of location of public parking lots, four indicators were identified. Then, according to the results of interviews with transportation experts, officials, local informants and field visits of experts, a suitable place for the construction of a parking lot in the study area has been suggested. The results showed that the lack of car park space, despite the activity of administrative, service and commercial centers with extra-regional performance in this area, has increased the volume of Stagnant traffic and it has a direct negative impact on the exploitation of the potential of these centers and has affected various social, cultural, environmental and economic aspects of residents’ lives. Reducing instrumental lawlessness among citizens, boosting the local flower market business, increasing safety, reducing violence, improving the urban landscape, and increasing service per capita are among the most important known consequences of constructing public parking in this area. Finally, by examining the areas of the district, the most suitable place for the construction of the parking lot and how to optimally designed the parking lot to meet future needs has been suggested.

Multi store parking Site selection is one of the key problems in metropolitan city such as Tehran. This problem should be considered according to a series of criteria. The main aim of the paper is to determine proper sites for multi store parking using Fuzzy methods in GIS environment in first district of Tehran. To achieve the aim, parameters such as; distance from trip attractive center, distance from routes and communication networks, land price, suitable land use for parking establishment, distance form faults, and some other criteria were put in the fuzzy model. The results of this research showed that the OWA method in low risk and somehow trade-off mode represented the best result in according to aim. In this state, 6239.1 square meter of study area was selected as the high-rank area for establishing multi-store parking lots.

Extended Abstract IntroductionIncreasing population and urban development, increasing use of cars, increasing the number of private cars, Also the narrow width of the streets and the lack of supply of marginal park space, especially in the central parts, have caused many problems for large and densely populated cities. Parking lots as one of the most important urban infrastructures play a major role in reducing these problems. Today, in large cities, with the correct location of public parking lots, optimally manage of urban traffic is possible by increasing the provision of services to a large number of vehicles. Materials and MethodsIn this research, first, effective criteria were extracted according to the opinion of Babol Municipality experts. The information layers of each criterion were prepared in the GIS environment and to equalize the layers, each criterion was classified, Then, the identified criteria were weighted using ANP technique and with the help of Super Decision software, and then pairwise comparisons were done. Weighted layers were combined by ANP method, were placed on top of each other in the GIS environment based on the influence of each layer (relative weight) and the map of the optimal areas for the construction of public parking lots was obtained.  Results and DiscussionIn this research, the inconsistency coefficient obtained was 0.07. Criteria prioritization showed that, "Distance from the road", "Distance from offices use" and "Distance from business use" criteria with a significance coefficient of 0.25, 0.24 and 0.15 respectively had the highest weights. Arc GIS software was used to prepare the final maps. Finally, suitable places for creating public parking lots were determined by applying the final weight of the criteria and overlapping the layers. According to the final location map, areas with very high potential, areas with high capability and areas with medium capability each have 3.11, 55.75 and 36.56 percent of urban lands, respectively. Areas with very high and high potential are mostly located in the northwestern, northeastern, southwestern and central parts of the city.             ConclusionThe results indicate that the spatial distribution of existing parking lots in the city is not related to the effective criteria in these parking lots. According to the residential use map and population density and due to the epidemic of private car use, there is no match between the number of parking spaces in the city and their spatial distribution and population density. The result of urban parking location zoning using the ANP model and comparing it with existing parking lots in the city shows that The class of areas with high capacity for parking lots is located in parts of the city where there are no parking areas and there is an urgent need to create these types of users. This factor indicates that the location of existing parking lots in Babol city has been done without considering effective factors and criteria. All parking lots are located in one part of the city and at a close distance from each other. There is a need to create many public parking lots in other parts of the city, according to the urban population, until the per capita is closer to the reality. Considering the population of Babol city, which is 250,217 people, and the number of public parking lots, which is 6, this amount per capita is very low.

The use of public parking lots is one of the essential uses in cities which its proper locating leads to citizens’ traffic and welfare. Paying attention to building just more public parking lots and not considering neighboring land uses and other vital factors in their locating result in reducing the quality of parking lot efficiency in relation to on-time traffic. The most important problems in giving services to public parking lots are the improper distribution of them and limitations of their action. Ilam City is surrounded by the mountains from three geographical directions so it does not have much potential to develop. In addition to high concentration of population in central areas in Ilam City, there is lack of good planning in decentralizing the economic, educational, recreation and health areas. Hence there is heavy traffic in Ilam City. In modern urban contexts and areas, the volume of traffic and congestion has been very low, the width of sidewalks has been very narrow and the number of parking areas alongside the sidewalks has been very small. As a consequence, proper locating of appropriate parking lots is of high importance in Ilam City and the present study will be notable. So the aim of this paper is to investigate the analysis and locating the proper areas to build public parking lots in Ilam City

In this paper, parking lots with bidirectional power flow capability, is used as an achievements of smart power systems. Based on operating conditions, electric vehicles can be considered as a load or generator. For optimal operation of power systems, allocation of these novel units is also necessary same as other distributed generation. In this paper, an optimization problem is proposed for allocation of electric vehicles parking lots. Loss reduction and reliability improvement are considered as two main components of this allocation problem cost function. Because of uncertain in electric vehicle grid connection, modeling of these probabilistic units is necessary to determine optimal size and location of parking lots. There-fore, in this paper electric vehicle’ s generated power is modeled by Markove Chain. Markove Chain analysis is based on passengers’-trip data such as trip start and end time. Simulation results show that installation of electric vehicle parking lots depends on many factors such as availability of electric vehicles as well as the electricity price. Also, it is shown that by taking enough incentive for electric vehicles owners, optimal size and location of parking lots has a considerable benefit for distribution system companies.

Introduction: Recent studies of public underground parking lots showed the influence of radon concentration and the probable discomfort caused by parking cars.Materials and Methods: Radon concentration was measured in semi-closed public parking lots in the six governorates of Kuwait, using Durridge RAD7radon detector (USA).Results: The peak radon concentration in the parking lots of Kuwait governorates was relatively higher during winter (63.15Bq/m3) compared to summer (41.73 Bq/m3). Radon in the evaluated parking lots revealed a mean annual absorbed dose (DRn: 0.02mSv/y) and annual effective dose (HE: 0.06mSv/y).Conclusion: This study validated the influence of relative humidity and temperature as the major components of discomfort index (DI). The mean annual absorbed and effective dose of radon in the evaluated parking lots were found below the permissible limits. However, high radon DRn and HE were reported when the assessment included the parking lots, the surrounding residential apartments, and office premises. Furthermore, the time-series analysis indicated significant variations of the seasonal and site-wise distribution of radon concentrations in the indoor evaluated parking lots of the six Kuwait governorates.

Sufficient public parking lots (PLs) are essential for developing of sustainable cities. Different factors such as location, accessibility, safety, and environmental effects must be considered to ensure PLs stability. New technologies such as intelligent parking systems, electric vehicle (EV) charging stations (CSs), and green infrastructure make PLs more sustainable and efficient. In addition to providing parking spaces for ordinary cars (OCs), PLs provide charging services for EVs. After completing charging, EVs can be transferred to another place in the PL to provide charging service for more EVs. This problem is a motivation to present an optimization process for park scheduling in this paper. The proposed process is based on minimizing the number of required chargers. The considered constraints in the optimal scheduling process include providing the requested charging service and parking space for all EVs and OCs. The required parking space is determined based on the available databases and the simultaneous presence of vehicles in the PL. Statistical simulations produce different scenarios of vehicles in PL. The findings demonstrate that the suggested approach enhances the utilization of EV charging infrastructure in PLs. It can address the issue of random parking in public places and determine the parking routine.

With the large number of electric vehicles (EV) in charging stations, the power system will face a large amount of charging demand. It can lead to voltage instability and higher power loss in the electricity distribution network. However, by constructing EV charging parking lots in suitable places and managing them optimally, we can benefit from the advantage of using the battery capacity of EVs. This article proposes a mixed-integer linear programming model for locating and sizing electric vehicle parking lots (EVPL) to maximize the profit of the EVPL owner, taking into account the network constraints and the voltage stability index (VSI). Moreover, the impact of different travel patterns for EVs on working days and weekends has also been investigated. The desired model has been implemented in a distribution system with 37 buses, which includes four different areas regarding the type of travel. The results show that the VSI drops in the presence of EVPLs. However, it can be constrained through optimal location and management of EVPLs.

Parking lots for Electric Vehicles (EVs) can pave the way for a better utilization of EVs' battery capacity due to the large number of EVs. However, the location and size of parking lots will affect the condition of the distribution network. In this paper, a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is proposed for locating and determining the optimal capacity of EVs' parking lots while considering the constraints of distribution network and the traffic patterns of different urban areas. In the proposed model, the purpose of trips, the number of EVs', and their arrival and departure time in different areas are considered. Distribution network constraints are also taken into account by using linearized load flow equations. The objective of the model was maximizing the profit of parking owners. The model was implemented in a distribution system with 37 buses which covered four different areas in terms of EVs' travel type. The results showed the effectiveness of the proposed model for locating EVs' parking lots.

By using the initial estimation of CO concentration in enclosed parking lots, the designer could design a ventilation system with assurance of producing good air quality. In this paper, the practical correlation of CO increasing due to cars and time in enclosed parking lots is proposed. The proposed model is represents the variation of CO concentration in parking lot according to functional parameters. In addition to air flow ventilation, the effect of CO removal effectiveness on the air quality of enclosed parking lots is expressed in the proposed relation.